Sigillum card-based QES

Legal effect

In Ukraine

Remote qualified electronic signature

Profil Zaufany, personal and qualified signatures, and Polish providers.

Abroad

Check the scenario

QES has handwritten-signature effect. Podpis zaufany has a specific public-law effect. Podpis osobisty equals handwritten signature for public entities and, by party agreement, for others. A non-qualified signature cannot be rejected merely because it is electronic, but transaction-specific form requirements remain. A Polish QES is recognised as QES in other Member States under Article 25(3) eIDAS. Status should be checked through the Polish Trusted List/LOTL at signing time. There is no automatic worldwide regime. Analyse destination-country law, conflict rules, party agreement, notarisation/apostille requirements and technical verifiability. Validation confirms cryptography and trust-service status, but not the signatory’s authority, intention, transaction content or compliance with every special formality.

What is it?

Legal effect